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H. Dixit ¹, S. S. Shukla ¹, A. Shrivastava ¹, Y. K. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science, J. N. Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur, IN

Abstract

Bread is one of the important ready to eat foods commonly consumed by the people particularly in urban areas. It is a perishable food and manufactured in small scale industries in most of the Indian cities. Since bread is manufactured from refined flour, they are deficient in many essential constituents particularly of essential amino acids like lysine and methionine unless specific attempts are made to enrich it.

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S. S. Shukla ¹, O. P. Gupta ¹, N. J. Swarkar ¹, A. K. Tomar ¹, Y. K. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture, Jawaharlal Nehru Vishwa Vidyalaym, Jabalpur, IN

Abstract

Ragi forms an important component of diet of South Indian people and tribal people of Madhya Pradesh. Ragi malting is practiced in many parts of India and tropical Africa.

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S. S. Shukla ¹, O. P. Gupta ¹, N. J. Sawarkar ¹, Y. K. Sharma ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Food Science, J. N. Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur-482 004, (M.P.), IN

Abstract

Ragi or finger millet (Eleusine coracana Gaertn.) forms an important component of the diet of peoples of South India and of tropical Africa.

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S. J. Dharwal ¹, S. S. Shukla ², R. Pandey ², Astha Verma ³, Veena D. Thakur ¹, Shikha Shrivastava ¹, Mukesh Nag ¹, Shatish Patel ¹

Affiliations
1 University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, IN
2 Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Tekari, Raipur, CG, IN
3 Shree Rawatpura Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumahari, Dist. Durg CG, IN

Abstract

An Orally Disintegrating tablets (ODT) is a solid-dosage form that disintegrates and dissolves in the mouth without water within 60 seconds or less. The techniques applied are direct compression, sublimation and melt granulation technique. These techniques are based on the principles of increasing porosity or addition of super disintegrants and water soluble excipient in the tablets. The formulation prepared from this technique differ each other on the basis of the factors like mechanical strength of final product, drug, and dosage form stability, mouth feel , rate of dissolution of the formulation in saliva ,rate of absorption from saliva and overall drug bioavailability. These innovations may involve modifying formulation composition and processing to achieve new performance end-points or the merger of new technological advances with traditional pharmaceutical processing techniques for the production of novel mouth oral disintegrating dosage forms.

Keywords

Orally Disintegrating Tablets, Bioavailability, Saliva, Sublimation.

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Raj K. Tiwari ¹, R. Pandey ¹, S. S. Shukla ¹, Prashant Tiwari ¹, H. Shah ²

Affiliations
1 Columbia Institute of Pharmacy, Raipur C.G., IN
2 Department of Pharmacognosy, IIMT College of Medical Sciences, Meerut, U.P., IN

Abstract

The present study aimed at screening of antimicrobial activity against E. Coli and B. Subtilis of methanolic, chloroform, and aqueous extract of Ariel part of Andrographis paniculata. The three concentrations were prepared of each extracts 100 mg/ml, 200 mg /ml and 300mg/ml. For each bore 0.2 ml is added. The antimicrobial activity was carried out by Disc diffusion method with Benzyl peniciline as a standard. (100mg/kg). The study (antibacterial screening) showed that among all the extract the methanolic extract showed maximum zone of inhibition. The plant contains various active constituent such as Kalmeghin Andrographolide, which may be responsible for antimicrobial activity of the plant.

Keywords

Andrographis paniculata, Andrographolide, and Kalmeghin, Benzyl Penicillin.

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Tripti Jain ¹, V. Jain ², R. Pandey ², A. Vyas ², S. S. Shukla ²

Affiliations
1 Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Bhilai, IN
2 Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, IN

Abstract

At the present time, there are a number of non-conventional extraction methods in use that are all, in principle, solid-liquid extractions (SLE) but which introduce some form of additional energy to the process in order to facilitate the transfer of analytes from sample to solvent. These methods include fairly inert, insoluble, and often polymeric material, such as cellulose of plants or fungi and the microbial cell wall. The first step of the extraction is therefore to release and solubilize the smaller secondary metabolites in the matrix, resulting in the initial extract. Forced-flow solid-liquid extraction (FFSLE) techniques, such as medium-pressure solid-liquid extraction (MPSLE) and rotation planar extraction (RPE), in these methods the extraction solvent is forced through the sample bed either by means of pressure or by centrifugal force, thus increasing the efficiency of the extraction process. Even extraction by electrical energy has been studied. The main advantage of these non-conventional methods compared to conventional SLE methods is the increase extraction efficiency, which leads to increased yields and/or shorter extraction times. Indigenous cultures have learnt to exploit the properties of secondary metabolites in many ways, e.g. specific plants or parts of them have been used as poisons, analgesics, stimulants, preservatives, colorants, tanning agents for tanning leather etc. As our understanding of chemistry and other natural sciences has increased, the active chemical compounds of these traditionally used plants have been successfully isolated and identified. There is an increasing trend of using pure compounds instead of crude extracts prepared from plant material, irrespective of their intended use.

Keywords

Extraction Methods, Microwave, Phytoconstituent.

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